Effects Of Smoking Ban On Children - 1747 Words

Smoking Ban Name: Institution: Course: Date: The number of people suffering from secondhand smoke in UK and US has increased tremendously over the years. A lot of money which could have been used to start projects that will spearhead growth of the economy is being directed to treat these diseases. Majority of the affected population are young children. However, research has indicated that the largest number of these children emanates from family where none of the parent is a smoker. This is an indication that they inhale the cigarette smoke while on the streets and other public places such as restaurants (Sandford 2003). The government has a mandate of protecting its people. Young generation holds the future of these countries on their hands. As a result, every administration has a responsibility of protecting this generation. In an attempt to protect the whole population, these governments have come up with several measures that are aimed at reducing the exposure of the people to this kind of smoke (Callinan, Clarke Kelleher 2010) The number of smokers in these countries is smaller compared to non-smokers. As a result, the governments are protecting the majority of the population through developing various strategies that will reduce the impact of cigarette smoke on the people. The smokers should stay outside the homes, restaurants and shops until they finish their activities. Although this will viewed as a way of segregating the smokers from theShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Smoking In Public Places1157 Words   |  5 Pages Smoking should be banned in public places The government of the United States, should ban smoking in all public places because of the adverse effects of passive smoking on smokers, non-smokers and the environment. In the recent years, the population of people who smoke in the US has significantly increased. People still choose to smoke even when they have adequate knowledge of how unhealthy smoking can be. Smoking is a personal choice for any individual. Moreover, it is a highly addictive habitRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking Ban On Employees And Passive Smokers At Work Place And Home1295 Words   |  6 PagesInvestigating the effects of Workplace Smoking Ban Contents Investigating the effects of Workplace Smoking Ban 1 Aim and Objectives 1 Literature Review / Research Background 2 Research Rationale 3 Learning Outcomes 3 Study Design 4 Type of Study 4 Type of Design 4 Data Types 4 Ethics 5 Risk 5 Required Resources 5 Research Time Frame 5 References 6 Aim and Objectives The kay aim of the research is to investigate the effects of smoking ban at work place on employees and these effects may include healthRead MoreSmoking Banning Public Areas Yield Positive Effects For All1211 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking Bans in Public Areas Yield Positive Effects For All One of the major reasons for death and preventable diseases is tobacco use. Just in the United States of America, smoking has found to be the cause of â€Å"over 40,000 deaths due to heart disease and over 200,000 episodes of childhood asthma per year† (Naiman et al 1). Some of these cases could be specifically linked to secondhand smoke, â€Å"defined as an involuntary exposure to a combination of diluted cigarette side stream smoke and the exhaledRead MoreSmoking Ban Persuasive Essay985 Words   |  4 PagesINFORMATION For several decades, smoking remains one of the most common and most unhealthy of human habits. Smoking, specifically in public, had generally been regarded as a personal choice that bystanders had little control over. Now for the first time, the act of public smoking is becoming regulated, even restricted in many cities worldwide. The city of Columbia has recently implemented a ban on smoking in efforts to reduce the negative effects of smoking on employees and customers of restaurantsRead MoreSmoking in Public Buildings Should Be Banned1194 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking in Public Buildings Should be Banned Is it true that secondhand smoke can have almost the same health effects as smoking a cigarette? Is it true that some countries have banned smoking in public buildings already? Is it easy to guess how those bans turned out? The countries that banned smoking in public buildings are experiencing fewer health problems in their citizens and have had no negative economic effects due to the ban. Even though everyone should be able to do what they want, whereRead MoreBiological Effects from Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke776 Words   |  3 Pagesevidence dealing with biological effects from exposure to second-hand smoke. A lot of people aren’t educated about this topic, but second-hand smoke can harm someone almost as much as someone who actually smokes, depending on how often he/she is around it. Young children are a huge target for this subject because many biological and medical researchers have found second-hand smoke causing lifetime damage, and many other negative effects to ch ildren as they grow. Smoking bans in certain areas around theRead MoreSmokers in the U.K. and U.S.A. and the Treatment of Social Pariahs1773 Words   |  7 Pagesyears, antismoking campaigns has increased due to the harmful effects that are caused by smoking. People smoke not caring about the consequences that it has not only on them, but also on other people. In the U.K and U.S.A, campaign might or might not be effective. This essay seeks to illustrate the cause and effect of antismoking campaigns, T.V advertising, campaigns against smokers not being allowed N.H.S treatment, and the ban of smoking in public places and also illustrating the reasons why similarRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking885 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as smoking. People smoke for numerous reasons. These reasons include: socializing, coping with emotions, parental influences, advertising, and for the thrill of risk taking behaviors. In consequence, many people are unaware of the negative aspects to smoking. Smok ing not only affects the individual but has negative impacts on others that are around the smoker and the environment as well. In result of these harmful aspects of smoking, smoking should be banned in public places. Smoking shouldRead MoreBanning The Issue Of Banning Cigarettes1317 Words   |  6 Pagesreference to smoking is very much debatable. It is our duty as individuals to exercise certain behaviors that will benefit others, regardless of life circumstances and serve our society in the most respectable manner, in accordance to people rights and choices. Since the nineties, there has been a massive controversy on the issue of banning cigarettes in the U.S. Some claim that banning public smoking is an infringement on their freedom which violates their rights to freedom of choice â€Å"smoking bans impingeRead MoreShould Cigarette Smoking Be Banned?1137 Words   |  5 PagesBiology 101 Should Cigarette Smoking Be Banned? Should there be a ban on cigarette smoking in the United States? Since cigarettes were introduced to Americans, questions have been raised concerning the legality of smoking and if it should be allowed everyone, in public places, or not at all. Recently, with the increase knowledge in cost and healthcare, the controversy with cigarette smoking has significantly risen. Across the country, states have banned smoking in public areas and inside buildings

Deviance A Sociological Perspective - 824 Words

Imagine yourself rich and powerful willing to act on committed crimes done by the individual or protect loved ones. Deviance is used by society to evaluate behaviors that take place during everyday social norms. Usually most individuals agree or conform to certain behavior or actions. Deviance is defined is numerous ways. Researchers believe that deviance is violation of social norms. Some believe deviant behavior is when one is breaking the law or acting out in a negative manner. Individuals use specific words to classify deviant acts from a sociological perspective. There are crimes that are deviant actions and not deviant acts. For example; this could include rape or murder. The book discusses Privileged Deviance being controlled by†¦show more content†¦Many laws are enforced to maintain crimes and protect individuals from violent deviant behaviors. Deviance is conducted based on interactions between individuals and groups. The labeling theory mentions social behavior whe re individuals stay deviant to maintain identity or label. Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz state â€Å"the word interaction deviance is a human activity involving more than one person’s act† (Thio, et. al, 2013, p. 35). The theory suggests individuals to reflect on their behaviors and how others view them. The labeling theory could be linked to the symbolic interaction foundation perspective. Understanding deviance and criminal behavior is approached through the labeling theory. The deviant act begins with the hypothesis that no act is essentially criminal. Criminality is recognized by individuals who feel powerful through the design of laws and the interpretation of law enforcement. Deviance is handled by the interaction between deviant and nondeviant actions and how the criminality is interpreted. Individuals, who represent force of law or order, could offer the main source of labeling. For example; this could include police, courts, or school authorities. Labeling indivi duals and understanding deviance hypothesis specific people who reinforce power based on class level and demands are likely to bypass committed crimes. Defining specific deviance and comprehending deviant behaviors labels privileged deviance as wealthy individuals, by menShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Perspective On Deviance1795 Words   |  8 PagesAssessment Criminology By Kayla Dunn 10/10/2017 When defining deviance, it’s a behavior that is recognized as violating expected rules and norms and behavior that departs significantly from social expectations. In the sociological perspective on deviance, there is subtlety that distinguishes it from our commonsense understanding of the same behavior. Sociologists stress social context, not just individual behavior. That is, deviance is looked at in terms of group processes, definitions, and judgmentsRead MoreSociological Perspectives Of Crime And Deviance1818 Words   |  8 Pageswhy sociology and the theories that go along with it can explain many of reasons people act the way they do in their societal context and situations. The most of what occurs in the film American Gangster can be explained by these theoretical perspectives of crime in sociology. The successes and failures pictured in the movie are explored more thoroughly by using theories such as differential opportunity, anomie, differential association, etc. Though he is eventually caught by Officer Richie RobertsRead MoreThe Concept of Sociological Perspective of Deviance Essays1127 Words   |  5 PagesThe concept of Sociological Perspective of Deviance also known as â€Å"rule-breaking† behavior or â€Å"counter culture† can be defined as culture norms, values, and morals which shape the social acceptance of individuals or group through their actions or â€Å"unmoral or illegal† behavior. In order to gain a better understanding of Sociological Perspective of Deviance it is important to understand the broad consensus of behavior and its place in society. Situational deviance pertains to a group who engagesRead MoreSocial Deviance : A Sociological Perspective On Deviant And Criminal Behavior Within Sociology1160 Words   |  5 Pageshere are my thoughts! Social deviance is the study of the violation of cultural norms in either formal or informal contexts. Social deviance is a phenomenon that has existed in all societies with norms. Sociological theories of deviance are those that use social context and social pressures to explain deviance. You’ll find these in your readings for this week. Think of the diagram for a functionalist approach to deviance: Great post! You did a nice job defining deviance as a whole. A theory closelyRead MoreThe Theory Of Body Types, And The Y Chromosome Theory1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Sociology March 26, 2016 Deviance Many different theories exist regarding deviance. Biological, psychological, and sociological perspectives have applied their different thought processes to produce many theories. Some of these ideas have been discredited, however some remain significant today. Sociological theories differ from biological and psychological theories by looking at external factors rather than internal ones. Biological theories on deviance are the result of looking for answersRead MoreDeviance Theory Analysis Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesDeviance Theory Analysis - Identify Deviance for situations and explain Within any given society, individuals are expected to behave and or conduct themselves in a given acceptable manner. However, there are instances when particular individuals act contrary to the set standards and violate the cultural norms. Such acts may include acts of crime, theft, defiance, breaking of rules, and truancy just to mention a few. Deviance could thus be viewed as the intentional or accidental violation of theRead MoreDeviance : Deviance And Deviance1292 Words   |  6 PagesCharacterizing deviance All Sociologists characterize deviant conduct as conduct that is seen as disregarding expected standards and principles. Deviance is significantly more than simply basic non-similarity; it is conduct that hauls out fundamentally from social desires. The sociological meaning of deviance puts accentuation on social connection, not ones conduct. Sociologists view abnormality as far as procedures inside of a gathering, judgements and definitions, not generally as curious individualRead MoreDeviance : Deviance And Deviance987 Words   |  4 PagesQuite frequently in our day-to-day lives we hear the word deviance†, but we never really know the concepts behind it, although, deviance exists in almost every society. It is recognized as a term with many theories behind it which gives an immense range of interpretations of what deviance is and is not. According to Brym and Lie, deviance is defined as â€Å"departure from a norm that evokes a negative reaction from others† (2015:96). In other words, when someone is doing something that the rest of theRead MoreSociology: Value Conflict1346 Words   |  6 Pagesbe free from values is its ability to separate social facts from values. Since sociology is the study of human nature, some sociologists believed that it cannot be obtained. According to Max Weber, individuals view the world from a value laden perspective. It is impossible to exclude feelings, personal views and judgments, since human beings the subject matter for sociology has feelings, emotions and consciousness. Deviant Behavior The concept of a deviant Behavior refers to a sequence of stagesRead MoreCity of God949 Words   |  4 PagesThough my perspective vastly varies from that of sociological theorists, I think we can both conclude that this movie is an extreme representation as to what can occur when society shuns away disadvantaged youths to a place that lacks justice as well as ethical and moral responsibilities. Sociological perspectives regarding crime emphasize the interconnections between conformity and deviance in different social contexts (cite). In the following paper I will attempt to analyze three sociological theories

Keller’s Brand Value Chain Free Essays

The Brand Value Chain(BVC) is a structured approach to assessing the sorces and outcomes of brand equity and the manner by which marketing activities create brand value. It provides insights to support the various decision makers in the company and stresses that every member of the company contribute to this branding effort. It believes that the value of rand ultimately resides with customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Keller’s Brand Value Chain or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are several steps to this when we look at this value creation process. Step I) Firm invests in a marketing program targeting actual or potential customers * Step II) The associated marketing activity then affects the customer mind-set –what the customers know and feel about the brand. * Step III) This produces the brand’s performance in the marketplace – how much and when customers purchase, the price that they pay and so forth. * Step IV)The investors considers this market performance and other factors to arrive at an assessment of shareholder value in general and a value of the brand. This model also assumes that there are a number of linking factors that intervene between these stages. These linking factors determine the extent to which value created at one stage transfers or â€Å"multiplies† to the next stage. * The three stages of multipliers moderates transfer between the marketing program and the three value stages: the program quality multiplier, the marketplace condition multiplier and the investment sentiment multiplier. Step I) Marketing Program Investment Firm invests in a marketing program targeting actual or potential customers. This can be intentional or unintentional.It is outlined by many activities such as product research, development, design, trade or intermediary support; marketing comm incl advertising, promotion, sponsorship, direct and interactive marketing, personal seling, publicity and personal relations and employee training. Big not always good. Multiplier I) Program Quality Multiplier The ability of the marketing program to affect the consumers will depend on its quality. The question is on what basis should it be judged. There are four major ones 1) Clarity: The understability of the brand is what is meant here.A brand with strong clarity will be easily interprested and evaluated by the consumers. It should leave an imprint and should not leave a doubt in the consumers mind when a brand is put in front off them. The program should answer the question of what is the brand. 2) Relevance: This is the meaningfulness of the program. A brand with strong relevance should make consumers take the brand seriously. It should make them believe that the brand exists for a reason. It should be clear to them about WHY they need it. 3) Distinctiveness: It is matter of uniqueness.The program should be differentiated so it doesn’t get lost in the sea of millions of other programs available to the consumers. It should be able to explain the brand to the people by grabbing their attention. 4) Consistency: The marketing program needs to cohesive and well-integrated. All the aspects must converge to create an impact on customers. And, it should also not differentiate from the past programs greatly and if there is a need to there needs to be a balance of continuity and change while evolving the brand in the right direction. Step II) Consumer Mind-SetThe associated marketing activity then affects the customer mind-set – what the customers know and feel about the brand. The mind-set includes everything that exists in the minds of the consumers: thoughts, feelings, experiences, images, perception and attitudes. If we understand this we can pretty much gauge the value of the brand. There are mainly five dimensions 1) Brand Awareness: The extent and ease with which customers recall and reorganize the brand and can identify the products and services with which it is associated. It measures consumers’ knowledge of a brand’s existence.This is probably the first step to having a mind-set as without knowing a brand, one cannot judge it. A deep and broad brand awareness is what most companies look for. 2) Brand Association: The strength, favorability and uniqueness of perceived attributes and benefits for the brand. This is the sectors which give key sources of brand equity as these are the means that satisfy the needs of the consumers. If they see that a brand fulfills a task that they need whether functionally, aesthetically, socially or otherwise, it would have major brand associations. ) Brand Attitudes: These are overall evaluations of the brand in terms of its quality and satisfaction it generates. Positive brand judgements. A customer after fulfilled with his need needs to feel that the brand is awesome. 4) Brand Attachment: The degree of loyalty the customer feels towards the brand. A strong form of attachment, adherence, is the consumer’s resistance to change and the ability of a brand to withstand bad news like product or service failure. In extreme cases, it could lead to addiction. It is the next step after strong brand attitudes. ) Brand Activity: The extent to which customers use the bran, talk to others about the brand and seek out brand information, promotions and events. The interesting thing here is how brand awareness and associations are part of salience when it comes to CBBE. The Brand Attitudes deals with judgements and feelings and brand attachment and activity is to do with resonance. Essentially the brand building process is putting out in customer mind-set. The above two steps relate to price premiums and elasticity. Especially the second one. Multiplier II) Marketplace Conditions MultiplierThe extent to which value created in the minds of customers affects market performance depends on factors beyond the individual. An individual might have high resonance with the brand but if the market conditions that is the external environment of the brand is not supportive, it can be disastrous for the brand’s market performance. Some of these factors include: 1) Competitive Superiority: If the competition has better programs, it is definetly going to harm your brand as the mindspace for your line of product cateogory will be taken by that of your competitor. ) Channel and Other Intermediary Support: After your brand is out there in the market, it goes into the hands of various other intermediaries such as franchisees, distributers, retailers etc. who have as much impact on the brand as the marketing program itself. So, unless they reinforce the same brand values that the marketing program does. 3) Customer Size and Profile: In the end, it depends on your customers, who are they? What are they capable of spending? Is it Profitable to cater them? These questions are as important as any.Unless the customer size is huge and hence, the profile is broad, a marketing program may not have enough impact. Step III) Market Performance This produces the brand’s performance in the marketplace – how much an d when customers purchase, the price that they pay and so forth. Brand value is created by several ways: 1) Price Premiums and Elasticity: Greater price premiums and ore elastic responses to price decreases and ineleastic responses to price increases. This is contributed by the first two things. 2) Market Share: The amount of the brand that people buy in a particular category. ) Brand Expansion: The success of the brand allows it to have the ability to add enhancements to the revenue streams by category extensions and new-products. 4) Cost Structure: Reduced marketing program expenditures thanks to the prevailing customer mind-set. When customers already have favorable opinions and knowledge about a brand. Any aspect is likely to be more effective for the expenditure level. Also lower cost because ads are more memorable, sales calls, more productive and so on. 5) All these lead to Brand Profitability. Multiplier III) Investor Sentiment MultiplierFinancial analysts and investors consider those of factors in arriving at their brand valuations and investment decisions. Some of them include: 1) Market Dynamics: The financial market that the brand is important as it fives the brand the necessary tools for its success. These include interest rate, investor sentiment, supply of capital etc. 2) Growth Potential: The rate at which the economy grows, country policies, PESTEL. Etc affects the growth of the brand too. 3) Risk Profile: Despite of the success of the brand, it might be risky based on the needs it fulfills. Its vulnerability about its facilitating and inhibiting factors. ) Brand Contribution: The importance that the brand has in its bigger portfolio also matters. If it is consequential, the ups and downs of the market performance may really affect the shareholder value. Step V) Shareholder Value The final step which involves both current and forecasted information about the brand as well as many consideations, the financial market formulates opinions and assessments that have very direct financial implication for the brand value. The most important indicators are the stock price, the P/E multiples and overall market capitalization for the firm. How to cite Keller’s Brand Value Chain, Papers